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The first modern police force, commonly said to be the London Metropolitan Police, established in 1829, promoted the preventive role of police as a deterrent to urban crime and disorder.〔 〕 Law enforcement however has only ever constituted a small portion of policing activity.〔 〕 Policing has included an array of activities in different contexts, but the predominant ones are concerned with the preservation of order and the provision of services.〔 〕 ==History== In some societies, in the late 18th century and early 19th century, these developed within the context of maintaining a layered societal structure and the protection of property.〔 () 〕 In the United Kingdom in the late 18th century: 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Governments Secure Wealth to Defend the Rich from the Poor - Research Paper - Roijster )〕 In the United States in the 19th century: In 1690 John Locke〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=John Locke: Second Treatise of Civil Government: Chapter 9 )〕 wrote that: Similarly, Adam Smith〔 (Adam Smith - An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations - The Adam Smith Institute ) 〕 described how: This close link between property and government (and thus police function) was also noted by John Jay,〔 http://www.bartleby.com/73/764.html Frank Monaghan, John Jay, chapter 15, p. 323 (1935) 〕 who repeatedly said that: According to Monaghan, this: and by US Founding Father James Madison. who declared that government: Given that the crimes of governments and associated elite institutions have historically been greater than those of the "smaller" criminals they prosecuted, and that such institutional influence has been perceived, by some groups, as a promoter of violence, alienation and socioeconomic disparity which gives rise to crime, the institutional role of police has been criticized.〔 Wage Slavery - Human nature, law, and war 〕 Considering the current state of law enforcement and society Dr. Gary Potter〔(【引用サイトリンク】first=Gary )〕 states, 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Law enforcement and society」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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